Error no default engine was specified and no extension was provided express

I am working through setting up a http server using node.js and engine. However, I keep running into issues that I have little information on how to resolve I would appreciate some help solving this please.

Error: No default engine was specified and no extension was provided. 
at new View (...node_modulesexpresslibview.js:41:42) 
at Function.app.render (...node_modulesexpresslibapplication.js:484:12) 
at ServerResponse.res.render (...node_modulesexpresslibresponse.js:783:7) 
at Layer.handle (...app.js:123:7) 
at trim_prefix (...node_modulesexpresslibrouterindex.js:225:17) 
at c (...node_modulesexpresslibrouterindex.js:198:9) 
at Function.proto.process_params (...node_modulesexpresslibrouterindex.js:253:12) 
at next (...node_modulesexpresslibrouterindex.js:189:19) 
at next (...node_modulesexpresslibrouterindex.js:202:7) 
at next (...node_modulesexpresslibrouterindex.js:166:38)

Below is what I have set up to start up this engine.

var http = require('http');  
var module = require("module")
var logger = require('morgan');
var express = require('express');
var app =  module.exports = express();
var silent = 'test' == process.env.NODE_ENV;
var httpServer = http.createServer(app);  // app middleware

app.enable('strict routing');
// app.all('*', function(req, res, next)/*** CORS support.*/
// {
//   if (!req.get('Origin')) return next();// use "*" here to accept any origin
//   res.set('Access-Control-Allow-Origin', 'http://localhost:3000');
//   res.set('Access-Control-Allow-Methods', 'GET, POST');
//   res.set('Access-Control-Allow-Headers', 'X-Requested-With, Content-Type');
//   res.set('Access-Control-Allow-Max-Age', 3600);
//   if ('OPTIONS' == req.method) return res.send(200);
//   next();
// });
app.set('views', __dirname + '/views'); // general config
app.set('view engine', 'html');
app.get('/404', function(req, res, next){
next();// trigger a 404 since no other middleware will match /404 after this one, and we're not responding here
});
app.get('/403', function(req, res, next){// trigger a 403 error
  var err = new Error('not allowed!');
  err.status = 403;
  next(err);
});
app.get('/500', function(req, res, next){// trigger a generic (500) error
  next(new Error('keyboard cat!'));
});
app.use(express.static(__dirname + '/public')); 
//error handlers
app.use(logErrors);
app.use(clientErrorHandler);
app.use(errorHandler);  
// middleware with an arity of 4 are considered error handling middleware. When you next(err)
// it will be passed through the defined middleware in order, but ONLY those with an arity of 4, ignoring regular middleware.
function clientErrorHandler(err, req, res, next) {
  if (req.xhr) {// whatever you want here, feel free to populate properties on `err` to treat it differently in here.
  res.send(err.status || 500, { error: err.message });
  } 
  else 
  { next(err);}
};
// create an error with .status. we can then use the property in our custom error handler (Connect repects this prop as well)
function error  (status, msg) {
  var err = new Error(msg);
  err.status = status;
  return err;
};
function logErrors  (err, req, res, next) {
  console.error(err.stack);
  next(err);
};
function errorHandler (err, req, res, next) {
  res.status(500);
  res.render('error', { error: err });
};

// Error handlers
// Since this is the last non-error-handling middleware use()d, we assume 404, as nothing else responded.
// $ curl http://localhost:3000/notfound
// $ curl http://localhost:3000/notfound -H "Accept: application/json"
// $ curl http://localhost:3000/notfound -H "Accept: text/plain"
app.use(function(req, res, next){
  res.status(404); 
  if (req.accepts('html')) {// respond with html page
    res.render('404', { url: req.url });
    return;
  } 
  if (req.accepts('json')) {// respond with json
    res.send({ error: 'Not found' });
    return;
  } 
  res.type('txt').send('Not found');// default to plain-text. send()
});

// error-handling middleware, take the same form as regular middleware, however they require an
// arity of 4, aka the signature (err, req, res, next).when connect has an error, it will invoke ONLY error-handling middleware.

// If we were to next() here any remaining non-error-handling middleware would then be executed, or if we next(err) to
// continue passing the error, only error-handling middleware would remain being executed, however here
// we simply respond with an error page.
app.use(function(err, req, res, next){
  // we may use properties of the error object here and next(err) appropriately, or if we possibly recovered from the error, simply next().
  res.status(err.status || 500);
  res.render('500', { error: err });
});

if (!module.parent) {// assigning to exports will not modify module, must use module.exports
  app.listen(3000);
  silent || console.log('Express started on port 3000');
};

Could you help me please what’s wrong in my Express code? I cannot understand.

Here is my server.js file:

const path = require('path');
const express = require('express');
const nodemailer = require('nodemailer');
const webpack = require('webpack');
const webpackMiddleware = require('webpack-dev-middleware');
const webpackHotMiddleware = require('webpack-hot-middleware');
const config = require('./webpack.config.js');

const isDeveloping = process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production';
const port = isDeveloping ? 8016 : process.env.PORT;
const app = express();

if (isDeveloping) {
  const compiler = webpack(config);
  const middleware = webpackMiddleware(compiler, {
    publicPath: config.output.publicPath,
    contentBase: 'src',
    stats: {
      colors: true,
      hash: false,
      timings: true,
      chunks: false,
      chunkModules: false,
      modules: false
    }
  });

  app.use(middleware);
  app.use(webpackHotMiddleware(compiler));
  app.get('/', function response(req, res) {
    res.write(middleware.fileSystem.readFileSync(path.join(__dirname, '../dist/index.html')));
    res.end();
  });

  app.post('/contact', function (req, res) {
    var mailOpts, smtpTrans;
    smtpTrans = nodemailer.createTransport('SMTP', {
      service: 'Gmail',
      auth: {
        user: "some-my-email@gmail.com",
        pass: "password-of-this-email"
      }
    });
    mailOpts = {
      from: 'noreply@my-email.io>',
      to: 'my-email@gmail.com',
      subject: 'Website contact form',
      text: req.body.message
    };
    smtpTrans.sendMail(mailOpts, function (error, response) {
      if (error) {
        res.render('contact', {
          err: true, page: 'contact'
        })
      }
      else {
        res.render('contact', {
          err: false, page: 'contact'
        })
      }
    });
  });
} else {
  app.use(express.static(__dirname + '../dist'));
  app.get('/', function response(req, res) {
    res.sendFile(path.join(__dirname, '../dist/index.html'));
  });
}

app.listen(port, '0.0.0.0', function onStart(err) {
  if (err) {
    console.log(err);
  }
  console.info('==> 🌎  Listening on port %s. Open up http://0.0.0.0:%s/ in your browser.', port, port);
});

All works good, but when I added Nodemailer to my project it takes me an error message when I’m sending form:

There are two errors. If text of mailOpts is «req.body.message» there is this error:

TypeError: Cannot read property 'message' of undefined
   at /home/azat/git/azat-io/scripts/server.js:50:21
   at Layer.handle [as handle_request] (/home/azat/git/azat-io/node_modules/express/lib/router/layer.js:95:5)
   at next (/home/azat/git/azat-io/node_modules/express/lib/router/route.js:131:13)
   at Route.dispatch (/home/azat/git/azat-io/node_modules/express/lib/router/route.js:112:3)
   at Layer.handle [as handle_request] (/home/azat/git/azat-io/node_modules/express/lib/router/layer.js:95:5)
   at /home/azat/git/azat-io/node_modules/express/lib/router/index.js:277:22
   at Function.process_params (/home/azat/git/azat-io/node_modules/express/lib/router/index.js:330:12)
   at next (/home/azat/git/azat-io/node_modules/express/lib/router/index.js:271:10)
   at middleware (/home/azat/git/azat-io/node_modules/webpack-hot-middleware/middleware.js:39:48)
   at Layer.handle [as handle_request] (/home/azat/git/azat-io/node_modules/express/lib/router/layer.js:95:5)
   at trim_prefix (/home/azat/git/azat-io/node_modules/express/lib/router/index.js:312:13)
   at /home/azat/git/azat-io/node_modules/express/lib/router/index.js:280:7
   at Function.process_params (/home/azat/git/azat-io/node_modules/express/lib/router/index.js:330:12)
   at next (/home/azat/git/azat-io/node_modules/express/lib/router/index.js:271:10)
   at processRequest (/home/azat/git/azat-io/node_modules/webpack-dev-middleware/middleware.js:176:12)
   at ready (/home/azat/git/azat-io/node_modules/webpack-dev-middleware/middleware.js:96:20)

If text of mailOpts is just string «Hello!» there is this error:

Error: No default engine was specified and no extension was provided.
   at new View (/home/azat/git/azat-io/node_modules/express/lib/view.js:62:11)
   at EventEmitter.render (/home/azat/git/azat-io/node_modules/express/lib/application.js:569:12)
   at ServerResponse.render (/home/azat/git/azat-io/node_modules/express/lib/response.js:961:7)
   at /home/azat/git/azat-io/scripts/server.js:54:13
   at Nodemailer.sendMail (/home/azat/git/azat-io/node_modules/nodemailer/lib/nodemailer.js:265:16)
   at /home/azat/git/azat-io/scripts/server.js:52:15
   at Layer.handle [as handle_request] (/home/azat/git/azat-io/node_modules/express/lib/router/layer.js:95:5)
   at next (/home/azat/git/azat-io/node_modules/express/lib/router/route.js:131:13)
   at Route.dispatch (/home/azat/git/azat-io/node_modules/express/lib/router/route.js:112:3)
   at Layer.handle [as handle_request] (/home/azat/git/azat-io/node_modules/express/lib/router/layer.js:95:5)
   at /home/azat/git/azat-io/node_modules/express/lib/router/index.js:277:22
   at Function.process_params (/home/azat/git/azat-io/node_modules/express/lib/router/index.js:330:12)
   at next (/home/azat/git/azat-io/node_modules/express/lib/router/index.js:271:10)
   at middleware (/home/azat/git/azat-io/node_modules/webpack-hot-middleware/middleware.js:39:48)
   at Layer.handle [as handle_request] (/home/azat/git/azat-io/node_modules/express/lib/router/layer.js:95:5)
   at trim_prefix (/home/azat/git/azat-io/node_modules/express/lib/router/index.js:312:13)

Help me please, what is wrong here?

The programming error “error: no default engine was specified and no extension was provided” is already self-explanatory. It occurs when the default engine is missing or is not installed on the computer.

This article will supply relevant knowledge of this error and various methods to solve it with the help of suitable examples. Let’s begin!

The error: no default engine was specified and no extension was provided. error occurs due to the absence of a default engine that did not contain any extension at the time of execution of the program and sometimes due to the absence of HTML complying syntax.

However, besides this main issue, there are other problems that create this error such as:

• Using res.render in the wrong way.
• The view engine is missing.
• Not using HTML-friendly syntax.
• Compatibility issues.
• The library is used first.
• Spelling error in functions.

– Using Res.Render in the Wrong Way

The default engine error will occur when the res.render function is misused. The programmer should not use the res.render function in the program without a view engine.

If, for example, the programmer wants to serve JSON using res.render with “res.render(‘error’, { error: err });” function, the error message will be displayed. There are two reasons why it is wrong. First, the view engine is not used to support this command; second, there is a syntax error.

– The View Engine Is Missing

This error message occurs when the view engine is missing or has the wrong placement in the program. Moreover, sometimes, the view engine does exist, but it is used with non-friendly HTML software, which is incompatible and ends up showing an error. The following example will not be suitable for those who don’t have software that supports HTML.

For example:

app.set(‘view engine’, ‘HTML’);

– Not Using HTML-friendly Syntax

As mentioned above, if the programmer uses software that does not support HTML, a view engine software error will occur. For example, if the programmer only uses the “app.set(‘view engine’, ‘HTML’);” command in a non-friendly HTML software, the program will show an error message.

Without “ejs” the error will not be resolved. This is because ejs is a function that can be used in software that does not support HTML, and if it is not used, the error will occur. Due to these reasons, an error: cannot find module ‘HTML’ can occur. Moreover, in a program that supports ejs but the user has used HTML, another type of error can occur that says: error: cannot find module ‘ejs’.

– Compatibility Issues

Sometimes, compatibility issues can also create extension errors in the program. The word compatibility means the function or commands the programmer uses are not updated, and the software does not support that command or function. Therefore, the user has to use the updated commands.

For example, using “response.sendfile(‘index.html’);” in programs will show an extension error message. This is because the response.sendfile() function is deprecated and not updated.

– The Library Is Used First

Another reason a view engine error occurs is that the library is created before the view engine. A program needs the view engine first to run the program smoothly. Therefore, if the programmer has created a library at the beginning of the program and then mentioned the view engine, the program will not run.

Let’s understand this by using an example. Check how the programmer has made a minor mistake, and the program showed an “error: no default engine was specified, and no extension was provided.” error message.

Example:

– Spelling Errors in Functions

Sometimes programmers end up with syntax errors due to spelling mistakes in the functions. In the example below, the programmer has made a spelling mistake, due to which a view engine error occurred. Let’s use the same example mentioned above for a better understanding:

Program:

Explanation:

As you can see, the spelling of view is written as “veiw”. Thus, it is causing an error in the program. This is also known as a syntax error.

How To Resolve the “Error: No Default Engine Was Specified and No Extension Was Provided.” Error Message?

In order to fix the error: no default engine was specified, and no extension was provided., the programmer has to resolve syntax errors that are affecting extensions and ensure the presence of the view engine because, without it, the program will not run.

However, there are various other reasons, and they are explained below:

– Use Res.Render Properly

As mentioned above, do not use res.render without a view engine; otherwise, a view engine error message will occur. In order to resolve this error, see the below example. We have also provided an explanation of this program.

Error in Program:

Explanation:

As you can see, the programmer has used res.render incorrectly. If the programmer just wants to serve JSON, then they should replace the “res.render(‘error’, { error: err });” lines in their code with “res.json({ error: err });”.

It is a must to express render in the program. Moreover, when this program is executed, there will be a message in the returned object that says:

– Add the Correct View Engine

The programmer has to be careful with the functions they write with the view engine. A view engine error message will occur if it is wrong or not supported by the program’s software.

Let’s use the above example that is used in “Use res.render properly” and change the “app.set(‘view engine’, ‘HTML’);” to “app.set(‘view engine’, ‘jade’);”. By doing this, the program error will be removed.

Moreover, the programmer has to install the default view engine and has to use the express view engine command in their programs. This is because if the programmer hasn’t used it in the program while coding, an “express no view engine” error message will pop up.

– Do Not Use the Library Before View Engine

The programmer should not use a library before a view engine in any program. This is because the program will not run smoothly then. Therefore, the programmer should set the view engine and use the express-ejs-layouts library later.

For Example:

Correct Program:

Conclusion

After reading this guide thoroughly, the reader will be able to identify the reason behind this error and can easily solve this issue due to the solutions given in this article. Here’s a quick recap for the readers:

Before starting to code, ensure the installation of the default engine in the computer. By doing so, the user can use it in their program later and avoid errors.

This error also occurs when the programmer does not recognize the extension. For example, using “HTML” instead of “Jade” or “ejs”.

Put the *.html in the views directory. Another way is to serve a public directory as a static dir and put the index.html in the public dir.

The reader can use this guide to resolve their programming error dilemma easily. Thank you for reading!

Reference

• https://stackoverflow.com/questions/23595282/error-no-default-engine-was-specified-and-no-extension-was-provided
• https://forum.freecodecamp.org/t/i-need-help-with-this-guys-error-no-default-engine-was-specified-and-no-extension-was-provided/446509

При отправки формы регистрации, данные заносятся в бд, но пишет ошибку в консоль и не переадресовывает на нужный компонент (Main).

Ошибка:

Error: No default engine was specified and no extension was provided.
    at new View (/Users/daniilboyko/Desktop/quiz/quiz/node_modules/express/lib/view.js:61:11)
    at Function.render (/Users/daniilboyko/Desktop/quiz/quiz/node_modules/express/lib/application.js:570:12)
    at ServerResponse.render (/Users/daniilboyko/Desktop/quiz/quiz/node_modules/express/lib/response.js:1012:7)
    at exp.signup (/Users/daniilboyko/Desktop/quiz/quiz/server/app/controllers/authcontroller.js:4:9)
    at Layer.handle [as handle_request] (/Users/daniilboyko/Desktop/quiz/quiz/node_modules/express/lib/router/layer.js:95:5)
    at next (/Users/daniilboyko/Desktop/quiz/quiz/node_modules/express/lib/router/route.js:137:13)
    at Route.dispatch (/Users/daniilboyko/Desktop/quiz/quiz/node_modules/express/lib/router/route.js:112:3)
    at Layer.handle [as handle_request] (/Users/daniilboyko/Desktop/quiz/quiz/node_modules/express/lib/router/layer.js:95:5)
    at /Users/daniilboyko/Desktop/quiz/quiz/node_modules/express/lib/router/index.js:281:22
    at Function.process_params (/Users/daniilboyko/Desktop/quiz/quiz/node_modules/express/lib/router/index.js:335:12)
    at next (/Users/daniilboyko/Desktop/quiz/quiz/node_modules/express/lib/router/index.js:275:10)
    at SessionStrategy.strategy.pass (/Users/daniilboyko/Desktop/quiz/quiz/node_modules/passport/lib/middleware/authenticate.js:343:9)
    at SessionStrategy.authenticate (/Users/daniilboyko/Desktop/quiz/quiz/node_modules/passport/lib/strategies/session.js:75:10)
    at attempt (/Users/daniilboyko/Desktop/quiz/quiz/node_modules/passport/lib/middleware/authenticate.js:366:16)
    at authenticate (/Users/daniilboyko/Desktop/quiz/quiz/node_modules/passport/lib/middleware/authenticate.js:367:7)
    at Layer.handle [as handle_request] (/Users/daniilboyko/Desktop/quiz/quiz/node_modules/express/lib/router/layer.js:95:5)
    at trim_prefix (/Users/daniilboyko/Desktop/quiz/quiz/node_modules/express/lib/router/index.js:317:13)
    at /Users/daniilboyko/Desktop/quiz/quiz/node_modules/express/lib/router/index.js:284:7
    at Function.process_params (/Users/daniilboyko/Desktop/quiz/quiz/node_modules/express/lib/router/index.js:335:12)
    at next (/Users/daniilboyko/Desktop/quiz/quiz/node_modules/express/lib/router/index.js:275:10)
    at initialize (/Users/daniilboyko/Desktop/quiz/quiz/node_modules/passport/lib/middleware/initialize.js:53:5)
    at Layer.handle [as handle_request] (/Users/daniilboyko/Desktop/quiz/quiz/node_modules/express/lib/router/layer.js:95:5)

app/routes/auth.js

const authController = require('../controllers/authcontroller');
 
 
module.exports = function(app, passport) {
 
    app.get('/signup', authController.signup);
 
    app.get('/signin', authController.signin);

    app.get('/main', authController.main);

    app.post('/signup', passport.authenticate('local-signup', {
            successRedirect: '/main',
 
            failureRedirect: '/signup'
        }
 
    ));
}

app/controllers/authcontroller.js

let exp = module.exports = {};
 
exp.signup = function(req, res) {
    res.render('signup');
}

exp.signin = function(req, res) {
    res.render('signin');
}

exp.main = function(req, res) {
 
    res.render('main');
 
}

app/config/passport/passport.js

const bCrypt = require('bcrypt-nodejs')

module.exports = function(passport, user) {
	const User = user;
	const LocalStrategy = require('passport-local').Strategy;

	passport.use('local-signup', new LocalStrategy(
		{
			usernameField: 'email',
			passwordField: 'password',
			passReqToCallback: true 
		},
	
		function(req,email, password, done) {
			let generateHash = function(password) {
				return bCrypt.hashSync(password, bCrypt.genSaltSync(8), null); 
				};
		User.findOne({
			where: {
				email: email
			}
		}).then(function(user) {
			if (user)
			{
				return done(null, false, {
					message: 'That username is already taken'
			});
			} else {
					let userPassword = generateHash(password);
					const data =
							{
									email: email,
									password: userPassword,
									username: req.body.username
							};
					User.create(data).then(function(newUser, created) {
							if (!newUser) {
								return done(null, false);
							}
							if (newUser) {
								return done(null, newUser);
							}
						});
				}
		});
		}
	));

	passport.serializeUser(function(user, done) {
    done(null, user.id);
	});

	// deserialize user 
passport.deserializeUser(function(id, done) {
	User.findByPk(id).then(function(user) {
			if (user) {
					done(null, user.get());
			} else {
					done(user.errors, null);
			}
	});
});
}

server.js

const express = require("express");
const path = require("path");

const app = express();
const passport   = require('passport')
const session    = require('express-session')
const bodyParser = require("body-parser");

const env = require('dotenv');

// For Body Parser
app.use(bodyParser.urlencoded({ extended: true }))
app.use(bodyParser.json());
app.use(express.static(path.join(__dirname,"../public")));

// For Passport
app.use(session({ secret: 'keyboard cat',resave: true, saveUninitialized:true})); // session secret
app.use(passport.initialize());
app.use(passport.session()); // persistent login sessions

//Models
const models = require("./app/models");

//Routes
const authRoute = require('./app/routes/auth.js')(app,passport);
//load passport strategies
require('./config/passport/passport')(passport, models.user);
 
//Sync Database
models.sequelize.sync().then(function() {
    console.log('Nice! Database looks fine')
}).catch(function(err) {
    console.log(err, "Something went wrong with the Database Update!") 
});

app.listen(4000,function(){
	console.log("Started listening on port", 4000);
})

Компонент регистрации:

import React, { Component } from 'react'
import axios from 'axios'
import {
  Form,
  Input,
  Button,
} from 'antd';

const formItemLayout = {
  labelCol: {
    xs: { span: 24 },
    sm: { span: 8 },
  },
  wrapperCol: {
    xs: { span: 24 },
    sm: { span: 16 },
  },
};
const tailFormItemLayout = {
  wrapperCol: {
    xs: {
      span: 24,
      offset: 0,
    },
    sm: {
      span: 16,
      offset: 8,
    },
  },
};


const onFinish = values => {
	axios.post('/signup', {
		username: values.username,
		email: values.email,
		password: values.password
	})
	.then(function (response) {
		console.log(response);
	})
	.catch(function (error) {
		console.log(error);
	});
	console.log('Received values of form: ', values);
};

export default class SignUp extends Component {
	styles = {
		wrap: {
			height: "100%",
			display: "flex",
			justifyContent: "center",
			alignItems: "center"
		},
	
		formStyle : {
			width: "500px",
		},
	}
	render() {
		return (
			<div style={this.styles.wrap}>
				<Form
					{...formItemLayout}
					name="register"
					onFinish={onFinish}
					scrollToFirstError
					style={this.styles.formStyle}
					> 
					<Form.Item
						name="username"
						label="Имя пользователя"
						rules={[{ required: true, message: 'Введите имя пользователя!', whitespace: true }]}>
						<Input />
					</Form.Item>

					<Form.Item
						name="email"
						label="E-mail"
						rules={[
							{
								type: 'email',
								message: 'Неправильно введен E-mail!',
							},
							{
								required: true,
								message: 'Введите E-mail!',
							},
						]}
					>
					<Input />
					</Form.Item>

					<Form.Item
        		name="password"
						label="Пароль"
						rules={[
							{
								required: true,
								message: 'Введите пароль!',
							},
						]}
						hasFeedback>
						<Input.Password />
					</Form.Item>

					<Form.Item
							name="confirm"
							label="Подтвердить пароль"
							dependencies={['password']}
							hasFeedback
							rules={[
								{
									required: true,
									message: 'Подтвердите пароль!',
								},
								({ getFieldValue }) => ({
									validator(rule, value) {
										if (!value || getFieldValue('password') === value) {
											return Promise.resolve();
										}
										return Promise.reject('Пароли не совпадают!');
									},
								}),
							]}>
							<Input.Password />
					</Form.Item>

					<Form.Item {...tailFormItemLayout}>
						<Button type="primary" htmlType="submit">
							Регистрация
						</Button>
      		</Form.Item>

				</Form>
			</div>
		)
	}
}